..militants who have seized swathes of North West Frontier Province in Pakistan have inflicted a reign of terror on villagers, landowners and the police, using kidnapping, looting, pillaging and murder to impose their will.
..as Pakistani forces stepped up their campaign to retake territory in the districts of Buner, Dir and Swat, it emerged that in one Taliban-controlled village, Pir Baba in Buner, the militants were holding 2,000 people as human shields in case the army attacked.
President Asif Ali Zardari, who will meet Barack Obama at the White House this week, launched Operation Black Thunder last Sunday with the aim of rolling back the Taliban advance. Many regard it as a last throw of the dice by a desperately weak president.
..origins of the crisis go back to February when local officials allowed the imposition of sharia, or Islamic law, in Swat in an effort to appease the Taliban, who had taken control.
The militants promised to disarm but instead moved their forces into neighbouring Dir and Buner, just 60 miles from Islamabad..