During a three-day conference at University College London (UCL), scientists will show how alterations in the earth's crust could trigger unexpected events.
They say evidence from the past reveals that times of dramatic climatic change are characterised by heightened geological activity.
For example, 10,000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age, melting ice and rising sea levels triggered a significant rise in volcanic eruptions.
Professor Bill McGuire, Director of the Benfield Hazard Research Centre at UCL warned earth's future could be explosive.
He told Sky News Online: "Climate change is very doom and gloom I'm afraid and it's one of those problems that the closer we look at it the worse it seems to get.
"If you want some faint glint of good news from this I suppose that if we see a big volcanic response, the gases pumped into the atmosphere will cool things down at least temporarily, but that's not recommended.
"We need to be cutting emissions, not waiting for all the volcanoes on the planet to erupt."